Mission Mars Odyssey - 3

<h1>PIA04831: Ganges Chasma in Color</h1><div class="PIA04831" lang="en" style="width:602px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04831_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 28 October 2003<p />The layered deposit in Ganges Chasma provides a striking color contrast against the dark dunes and sand sheets shown in this THEMIS color VIS image <a href="/catalog/PIA04778">(PIA04778)</a>. The sand is actually responsible for the yardang-style of erosion of the layered material. Dark sand can be seen within the troughs and on top of the mesa, evidence of its movement across the layered deposit. <p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -7.8, Longitude 311.7 East (48.3 West). 38 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04831" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04831: Ganges Chasma in Color sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04831: Ganges Chasma in Color sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04831: Ganges Chasma in Color
<h1>PIA04839: Cerberus Fossae Fractures</h1><div class="PIA04839" lang="en" style="width:490px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04839_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 29 October 2003<p />The fractured surface of the Cerberus region southeast of the Elysium volcanoes provides an impressive example of the powerful tectonic forces that have shaped the region. Both the smooth lava plains and the mountains that poke through the lava are subject to the extensional forces that rip open the landscape. The fractures are radial to the Elysium complex, suggesting a relationship to the volcanic processes that have built it.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 8.6, Longitude 160.6 East (199.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04839" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04839: Cerberus Fossae Fractures sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04839: Cerberus Fossae Fractures sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04839: Cerberus Fossae Fractures
<h1>PIA04840: Hematite Outlier</h1><div class="PIA04840" lang="en" style="width:488px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04840_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 30 October 2003<p />A stack of eroding sediments roughly 200 meters high contains the northeastern-most occurrence of the hematite layer that covers much of Meridiani Planum. The origin of the hematite layer is still a mystery, one that may be solved when the Mars Exploration Rover named Opportunity arrives in January.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 1.1, Longitude 0.5 East (359.5 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04840" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04840: Hematite Outlier sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04840: Hematite Outlier sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04840: Hematite Outlier
<h1>PIA04846: Battered Terrain of Amenthes</h1><div class="PIA04846" lang="en" style="width:488px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04846_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 3 November 2003<p />This region of the cratered highlands looks very ancient. A degraded channel snakes its way across the scene and enters what may be an older crater. The channel then continues onward.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 1.8, Longitude 116.9 East (243.1 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04846" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04846: Battered Terrain of Amenthes sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04846: Battered Terrain of Amenthes sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04846: Battered Terrain of Amenthes
<h1>PIA04847: Layers and Erosion and more Layers</h1><div class="PIA04847" lang="en" style="width:488px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04847_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 4 November 2003<p />This image is located within a set of eroded layered rocks known as the Medusae Fossae Formation. Careful inspection of this image reveals four separate layers. Starting at the bottom of the image, as well as the bottom of the sequence of layers, is a somewhat hilly, cratered plain. Above that is a mud or lava flow with a lobate edge that is characteristic of fluid flow. Above that is a layer with a spectacular rayed crater. This layer shows linear erosional patterns that are probably caused by persistent wind abrasion, typical of rocks in this area. And finally, a more blocky unit lies on top, mostly eroded away.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 3.6, Longitude 218.6 East (141.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04847" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04847: Layers and Erosion and more Layers sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04847: Layers and Erosion and more Layers sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04847: Layers and Erosion and more Layers
<h1>PIA04857: Layers in Meridiani Planum</h1><div class="PIA04857" lang="en" style="width:522px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04857_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 5 November 2003<p />Less than 100 km from an outlier of the <a href="/catalog/PIA04840"> hematite deposit</a>, a 30 km-diameter crater displays layers of eroding material, none of which contains hematite. The layers are evident from their variation in brightness and texture. At least four are apparent, with the lowermost one occurring in the upper right of the frame and the uppermost one extending out of the crater onto the surrounding plain.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 2.2, Longitude 1.6 East (358.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04857" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04857: Layers in Meridiani Planum sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04857: Layers in Meridiani Planum sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04857: Layers in Meridiani Planum
<h1>PIA04858: Devil's Den in Terra Sirenum</h1><div class="PIA04858" lang="en" style="width:446px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04858_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 6 November 2003<p />A multitude of dust devil streaks are easily seen in this THEMIS image.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -52.7, Longitude 206 East (154 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04858" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04858: Devil's Den in Terra Sirenum sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04858: Devil's Den in Terra Sirenum sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04858: Devil's Den in Terra Sirenum
<h1>PIA04859: Sand and Water</h1><div class="PIA04859" lang="en" style="width:514px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04859_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 7 November 2003<p />This image shows a relatively small crater (~35 km across) in the heavily cratered terrain of the southern highlands. At the midlatitudes, this area is known both for its water-formed gullies and its sand dunes. This crater shows spectacular examples of both. In fact, the gullies running down the northern edge of the crater made it to the cover of Science magazine on June 30, 2000. The large dark spot in the floor of the crater is sand that has accumulated into one large dune with a single curvilinear crest.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -54.9, Longitude 17.5 East (342.5 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04859" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04859: Sand and Water sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04859: Sand and Water sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04859: Sand and Water
<h1>PIA04863: Dust and Sand Mixing</h1><div class="PIA04863" lang="en" style="width:488px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04863_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 10 November 2003<p />The bright and dark tones observed in this THEMIS image of part of an unnamed impact crater (85 km in diameter) near the larger impact crater Schiaparelli are due to variable amounts of bright dust and dark sand covering the surface. Wind Shadows observed around small impact craters at the top of the image and small grooves and ripple-like marks observed throughout the scene illustrate dynamic and continued aeolian processes on Mars.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -1.4, Longitude 10.9 East (349.1 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04863" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04863: Dust and Sand Mixing sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04863: Dust and Sand Mixing sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04863: Dust and Sand Mixing
<h1>PIA04865: Aureum Chaos</h1><div class="PIA04865" lang="en" style="width:488px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04865_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 11 November 2003<p />Aureum Chaos is a large crater that was filled with sediment after its formation. After the infilling of sediment, something occurred that caused the sediment to be broken up into large, slumped blocks and smaller knobs. Currently, it is believed that the blocks and knobs form when material is removed from the subsurface, creating void space. Subsurface ice was probably heated, and the water burst out to the surface, maybe forming a temporary lake. Other areas of chaos terrain have large outflow channels that emanate from them, indicating that a tremendous amount of water was released.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -3.2, Longitude 331 East (29 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04865" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04865: Aureum Chaos sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04865: Aureum Chaos sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04865: Aureum Chaos
<h1>PIA04868: Cutting Craters</h1><div class="PIA04868" lang="en" style="width:511px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04868_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 12 November 2003<p />The rims of two old and degraded impact craters are intersected by a graben in this THEMIS image taken near Mangala Fossa. Yardangs and low-albedo wind streaks are observed at the top of the image as well as interesting small grooves on the crater floor. The origin of these enigmatic grooves may be the result of mud or lava and volatile interactions. Variable surface textures observed in the bottom crater floor are the result of different aged lava flows.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -15.2, Longitude 219.2 East (140.8 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04868" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04868: Cutting Craters sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04868: Cutting Craters sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04868: Cutting Craters
<h1>PIA04871: Canyons of Aeolis Mensae</h1><div class="PIA04871" lang="en" style="width:519px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04871_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 13 November 2003<p />At top one sees a relatively dusty plateau with some spur and gully topography visible along its southern edge as well as amphitheater shaped alcoves. The plateau surface then drops down to reveal a canyon floor covered with yardangs. The floor material appears to be layered and is being stripped out by the wind to form the yardangs.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -5.9, Longitude 146.5 East (213.5 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04871" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04871: Canyons of Aeolis Mensae sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04871: Canyons of Aeolis Mensae sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04871: Canyons of Aeolis Mensae
<h1>PIA04872: Mars in True Color (almost)</h1><div class="PIA04872" lang="en" style="width:639px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04872_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 14 November 2003<p />This spectacular view of the sunlit cliffs and basaltic sand dunes in southern Melas Chasma shows Mars in a way rarely seen: in full, realistic color. The colorization is the result of a collaboration between THEMIS team members at Cornell University and space artist Don Davis, who is an expert on true-color renderings of planetary and astronomical objects. Davis began with calibrated and co-registered THEMIS VIS multi-band radiance files produced by the Cornell group. Using as a guide true-color imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope and his own personal experience at Mt. Wilson and other observatories, he performed a manual color balance to match more closely the colors of previous visual Mars observations. He also did some manual smoothing and other image processing to minimize the effects of residual scattered light in the images. The result is a view of Mars that invites comparisons to Earth; a scene that one might observe out the window on a flight over the southwest United States, but not quite. The basaltic dunes are commonplace on Mars but a rare feature on Earth. The rounded knobs and elongated mesas on the canyon floor show an erosional style as exotic as Utah's Bryce Canyon but wholly familiar on Mars. Although the inhospitable Martian atmosphere cannot be seen, the magnificent Martian landscape on display in this image beckons space-suited human explorers and the sightseers who will follow.<p />Initial image processing and calibration by THEMIS team members J. Bell, T. McConnochie, and D. Savransky at Cornell University; additional processing and final color balance by space artist Don Davis.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -12.7, Longitude 288.6 East (71.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04872" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04872: Mars in True Color (almost) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04872: Mars in True Color (almost) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04872: Mars in True Color (almost)
<h1>PIA04873: Lava Flows and Surface Textures</h1><div class="PIA04873" lang="en" style="width:511px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04873_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 17 November 2003<p />The striking surface textures observed in this THEMIS image taken south of the volcano Arsia Mons are from different erupted lava flows. Many flows extend for several kilometers and are observed to crosscut previous existing flows. The variable surface textures could result from older and younger lava flows, differences in the composition and vessicularity of magma, or different degrees of weathering.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -20.4, Longitude 242.2 East (117.8 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04873" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04873: Lava Flows and Surface Textures sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04873: Lava Flows and Surface Textures sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04873: Lava Flows and Surface Textures
<h1>PIA04883: The Dichotomy Boundary</h1><div class="PIA04883" lang="en" style="width:522px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04883_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 19 November 2003<p />This image shows an example of the terrain that is present at the boundary between the southern highlands and the northern lowlands (the famous "dichotomy boundary"). This image is located on that boundary in Elysium Planitia, not too far north of Gusev Crater. The high ground appears to be eroding away, breaking into blocks that almost look like they are disintegrating.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -3, Longitude 168.8 East (191.2 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04883" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04883: The Dichotomy Boundary sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04883: The Dichotomy Boundary sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04883: The Dichotomy Boundary
<h1>PIA04884: Erosion and what it Reveals</h1><div class="PIA04884" lang="en" style="width:533px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04884_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 20 November 2003<p />This image is located near the boundary between Syrtis Major and Isidis Planitia. The top of the image shows rough material that has eroded away from the lower portion of the image, revealing an underlying surface that has many small craters. It also reveals an ancient flow lobe that is barely discernable, crossing the southern part of the image (this flow lobe is much easier to see as a smooth region in the context image).<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 16.4, Longitude 77.9 East (282.1 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04884" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04884: Erosion and what it Reveals sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04884: Erosion and what it Reveals sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04884: Erosion and what it Reveals
<h1>PIA04885: Geomorphic Gumbo</h1><div class="PIA04885" lang="en" style="width:526px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04885_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 24 November 2003<p />Just northeast of the small Tharsis volcano Biblis Patera lies a scene of surprising complexity. The upper left portion of the image shows the furrowed terrain of Gigas Sulci, likely produced in response to the evolution of Olympus Mons volcano. A narrow channel that probably contained flowing lava snakes through the center of the image before transitioning into a gaping chasm. The lower third of the image shows a jumble of textures, presumably produced from the emplacement and erosion of lava flows, but which are not easily classified.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 8.8, Longitude 233.2 East (126.8 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04885" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04885: Geomorphic Gumbo sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04885: Geomorphic Gumbo sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04885: Geomorphic Gumbo
<h1>PIA04889: Dust Devils</h1><div class="PIA04889" lang="en" style="width:527px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04889_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 25 November 2003<p />Abundant dust devil tracks dominate the scene in this THEMIS visible image. The dark streaks across much of the surface are formed when dust devils sweep up the dust and reveal the darker underlying terrain. Notice how the dust devil tracks are continuous over changes in topography (e.g. crater rims) and how the lengths and thicknesses of the tracks vary. This indicates that the dust devils vary in their size and duration.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -61.4, Longitude 120.2 East (239.8 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04889" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04889: Dust Devils sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04889: Dust Devils sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04889: Dust Devils
<h1>PIA04894: Filled Channels and Craters</h1><div class="PIA04894" lang="en" style="width:508px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04894_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 26 November 2003<p />The channels and impact craters observed in this THEMIS image taken near Warrego Valles have been eroded and filled with sediment after their formation. Many of the impact crater floors have interesting grooves and lineations that may reflect the interaction of ice and surface materials. Slumping observed within channels in the dissected terrains also points to modification by volatile driven processes.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -42.5, Longitude 268.6 East (91.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04894" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04894: Filled Channels and Craters sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04894: Filled Channels and Craters sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04894: Filled Channels and Craters
<h1>PIA04895: Swirling Winds Reflected In Dunes</h1><div class="PIA04895" lang="en" style="width:524px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04895_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 1 December 2003<p />These dark transverse and linear dunes are located in the floor of a crater in the southern highlands. The dunes appear to follow the flow of winds that circle around the crater floor, creating a swirling pattern. Rather than swirling winds, however, the apparent arc may simply be caused by a north to south shift in the relative strengths of two winds that influence these dunes.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -58.1, Longitude 168.8 East (191.2 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time. <p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04895" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04895: Swirling Winds Reflected In Dunes sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04895: Swirling Winds Reflected In Dunes sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04895: Swirling Winds Reflected In Dunes
<h1>PIA04900: Disappearing Act</h1><div class="PIA04900" lang="en" style="width:448px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04900_context.jpg" alt="figure 1 for PIA04900"></a><br /><p />Released 2 December 2003<p />Just across Ares Vallis from Aram Chaos lies a heavily eroded crater filled by material that is on its way out. This two-frame mosaic of THEMIS VIS images shows the floor of a crater that was filled by material of unknown origin. That material is now being eroded in a manner that is quite enigmatic. Note that the irregular depressions have varying depths across the scene. It appears that the crater fill material begins to erode through the formation of depressions that then deepen over time. Why the depressions form in the first place is a mystery.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 2.4, Longitude 343.6 East (16.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04900" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04900: Disappearing Act sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04900: Disappearing Act sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04900: Disappearing Act
<h1>PIA04901: Nili Fossae in Color</h1><div class="PIA04901" lang="en" style="width:284px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04901_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 3 December 2003<p />An unusual mix of orange and gray hues are on display in this <a href="/catalog/PIA04872">approximately true color</a>THEMIS VIS image. Using the pixel-averaging mode of the camera to allow for increased coverage (at lower spatial resolution), the scene spans over 190 km of the region known as Nili Fossae in NE Syrtis Major. Note how the orange hues tend to occur on upland terrain while the gray hues are mostly on the lowlands. This may be due to the action of gray, basaltic sand moving along the lowland terrain and scouring away the oxidized or weathered orange-brown surfaces.<p />Initial image processing and calibration by THEMIS team members J. Bell, T. McConnochie, and D. Savransky at Cornell University; additional processing and final color balance by space artist Don Davis.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 21.4, Longitude 76.6 East (283.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04901" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04901: Nili Fossae in Color sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04901: Nili Fossae in Color sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04901: Nili Fossae in Color
<h1>PIA04906: Hematite Outlier and Sand Dunes</h1><div class="PIA04906" lang="en" style="width:518px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04906_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 4 December 2003<p />This image shows a crater just south of the edge of the famous hematite-bearing surface, which is visible in the context image as a smooth area to the north. The crater has two features of immediate note. The first is a layered mound in the north part of the crater floor. This mound contains hematite, and it is an outlying remnant of the greater deposits to the north that have otherwise completely disappeared in this crater. The second feature is a dune field in the center of the crater floor, with dark dunes indicating winds from the northwest. The dunes grade into a dark sand sheet with no coherent structure, indicating that the sand layer thins out to the south and east.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -4.4, Longitude 357.3 East (2.7 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04906" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04906: Hematite Outlier and Sand Dunes sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04906: Hematite Outlier and Sand Dunes sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04906: Hematite Outlier and Sand Dunes
<h1>PIA04910: Mars South Polar Layered Deposits</h1><div class="PIA04910" lang="en" style="width:512px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">December 8, 2003<p />Remarkable layered deposits covering older, cratered surfaces near Mars' south pole dominate this mosaic of images taken by the camera on NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft between Nov. 8 and Nov. 26, 2003. The margin of these layered deposits appears to be eroding poleward, exposing a series of layers in the retreating cliff.<p />The mosaic, stitched from eight visible-wavelength images from Odyssey's thermal emission imaging system, covers an area more than 325 kilometers (200 miles) long and 100 kilometers (62 miles) wide. The pictured area lies between 78 degrees and 82 degrees south latitude and between 90 degrees and 104 degrees east longitude.<p /><a href="/figures/PIA04910_context1.jpg"></a> Click on image for larger view <br><p />A zoom shows details in an area about 75 kilometers (47 miles) by 100 kilometers (62 miles), centered at about 80 degrees south latitude and 99 degrees east longitude. An older impact crater in the left part of the scene is filled with younger deposits from the layered terrain.<p /><a href="/figures/PIA04910_context2.jpg"></a> Click on image for larger view <br><p />A further zoom emphasizes a small, fresh crater about 350 meters (1,150 feet) in diameter near the center of the scene. The adjacent cliff contains numerous individual layers. An unusual set of small mesas, seen in the lower right part of the image, is being eroded from the polar layered material. The images making up this mosaic have a spatial resolution of 36 meters (118 feet) per pixel, allowing detection of features as small as 75 to 100 meters (246 to 328 feet) across.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for the NASA Office of Space Science, Washington. The thermal emission imaging system on Odyssey was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04910" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04910: Mars South Polar Layered Deposits sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04910: Mars South Polar Layered Deposits sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04910: Mars South Polar Layered Deposits
<h1>PIA04932: Solar Storms, Devils, Dunes, and Gullies</h1><div class="PIA04932" lang="en" style="width:505px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04932_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 12 December 2003<p />Man, there sure is a lot going on here! This image was acquired during the peak of the late October record breaking solar storm outbursts. The white dots in this image were in fact caused when the charged particles from the sun hit our camera. One can also see the enigmatic gullies, dark barchan sand dunes and numerous dust devil tracks. This image is in the Noachis region of the heavily cratered southern hemisphere.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -42.1, Longitude 328.2 East (31.8 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04932" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04932: Solar Storms, Devils, Dunes, and Gullies sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04932: Solar Storms, Devils, Dunes, and Gullies sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04932: Solar Storms, Devils, Dunes, and Gullies
<h1>PIA04933: Mars Ice Age, Simulated</h1><div class="PIA04933" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p />December 17, 2003<p />This simulated view shows Mars as it might have appeared during the height of a possible ice age in geologically recent time.<p />Of all Solar System planets, Mars has the climate most like that of Earth. Both are sensitive to small changes in orbit and tilt. During a period about 2.1 million to 400,000 years ago, increased tilt of Mars' rotational axis caused increased solar heating at the poles. A new study using observations from NASA's Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey orbiters concludes that this polar warming caused mobilization of water vapor and dust into the atmosphere, and buildup of a surface deposit of ice and dust down to about 30 degrees latitude in both hemispheres. That is the equivalent of the southern Unites States or Saudi Arabia on Earth. Mars has been in an interglacial period characterized by less axial tilt for about the last 300,000 years. The ice-rich surface deposit has been degrading in the latitude zone of 30 degrees to 60 degrees as water-ice returns to the poles.<p />In this illustration prepared for the December 18, 2003, cover of the journal Nature, the simulated surface deposit is superposed on a topography map based on altitude measurements by Global Surveyor and images from NASA's Viking orbiters of the 1970s.<p />Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Odyssey are managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, for the NASA Office of Space Science, Washington.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04933" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04933: Mars Ice Age, Simulated sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04933: Mars Ice Age, Simulated sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04933: Mars Ice Age, Simulated
<h1>PIA04944: Sea of Sand in Juventae Chasma</h1><div class="PIA04944" lang="en" style="width:516px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04944_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 17 December 2003<p />The steep walls of Juventae Chasma tower over the wide variety of landforms on the floor of the canyon <a href="/catalog/PIA03818">(see related image)</a>. Here, in the southernmost portion of the chasma, vast sheets of sand overlay one another and pile against the canyon walls. Fantastic dune patterns have formed as wind swirled around the head of the canyon.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -4.5, Longitude 297.2 East (62.8 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04944" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04944: Sea of Sand in Juventae Chasma sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04944: Sea of Sand in Juventae Chasma sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04944: Sea of Sand in Juventae Chasma
<h1>PIA04945: Asymmetric Crater</h1><div class="PIA04945" lang="en" style="width:515px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04945_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 18 December 2003<p />Asymmetric craters such as the one in the center of this image are fairly rare. The more typical symmetric craters are formed when meteors impact a surface over a wide range of angles. Only very low impact angles (within 15° of horizontal) result in asymmetric structures such as this one. The bilateral symmetry of the ejecta, like two wings on either side of the elliptical crater, is typical of oblique impacts. The small crater downrange from the main crater could have been caused by the impactor breaking apart before impact or possibly a 'decapitation' of the impactor as it hit with the 'head' traveling farther to form the smaller structure.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude -8.5, Longitude 227.5 East (132.5 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04945" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04945: Asymmetric Crater sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04945: Asymmetric Crater sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04945: Asymmetric Crater
<h1>PIA04946: Strange Erosional Features</h1><div class="PIA04946" lang="en" style="width:532px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04946_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 19 December 2003<p />The strange erosional pattern seen in this THEMIS visible image differs greatly from the surrounding terrain of Lycus Sulchi (see context image). The crescent-shaped erosional pits trend in the southwest-northeast direction, indicating a dominant wind direction from the southwest. Why these pits eroded in the shapes that they did, however, is a mystery.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 18.6, Longitude 214.6 East (145.4 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04946" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04946: Strange Erosional Features sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04946: Strange Erosional Features sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04946: Strange Erosional Features
<h1>PIA04947: Dynamic Mars</h1><div class="PIA04947" lang="en" style="width:531px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p /><a href="/figures/PIA04947_context.jpg"></a><br /><p />Released 22 December 2003<p />Several interesting impact craters are observed in this THEMIS image taken near Scamander Vallis that illustrate the dynamic nature of the Martian surface. The smallest crater at the bottom of the image shows dark streaks running down the crater walls that are likely due to small dust avalanches. The larger nearby crater has a well developed central peak and fluidized ejecta material that covers part of the eroded crater to the top of the image. The morphology of the ejecta suggests the impact may have occurred in a volatile rich surface.<p />Image information: VIS instrument. Latitude 14.3, Longitude 29.5 East (330.5 West). 19 meter/pixel resolution.<p />Note: this THEMIS visual image has not been radiometrically nor geometrically calibrated for this preliminary release. An empirical correction has been performed to remove instrumental effects. A linear shift has been applied in the cross-track and down-track direction to approximate spacecraft and planetary motion. Fully calibrated and geometrically projected images will be released through the Planetary Data System in accordance with Project policies at a later time.<p />NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the 2001 Mars Odyssey mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, D.C. The Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) was developed by Arizona State University, Tempe, in collaboration with Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing. The THEMIS investigation is led by Dr. Philip Christensen at Arizona State University. Lockheed Martin Astronautics, Denver, is the prime contractor for the Odyssey project, and developed and built the orbiter. Mission operations are conducted jointly from Lockheed Martin and from JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04947" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA04947: Dynamic Mars sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA04947: Dynamic Mars sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA04947: Dynamic Mars

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