Galerie de photos de la planète Jupiter

<h1>PIA00560: Aurora Borealis on Jupiter</h1><div class="PIA00560" lang="en" style="width:758px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">This image, taken by NASA's Galileo spacecraft, shows the darkside of Jupiter, the part not illuminated by sunlight. The curved line crossing from the lower left to the upper right is the auroral arc on the horizon. With north at the top of the image, the central part of the auroral arc has a latitude of 57 degrees north. When this same region was imaged 30 seconds later, the central part had changed. The left and right boxes below show a magnified view of the central region at the earlier and later times, respectively. The aurora is dynamic on Jupiter, just as it is here on Earth. The eerie, glowing light is created when molecules in the upper atmosphere are struck by charge particles from the space around Jupiter. Fluctuations in the charged particle flow cause variations in the auroral emission.<p>This image was part of a multi-instrument set of observations made as Galileo flew through a region of space rich in charged particles. The particles follow the magnetic field and, in this case, the spacecraft was flying through the particular field line that was imaged. With these observations, scientists hope to learn more about the particles and their interaction with the molecules in the atmosphere. This image provides a severe test of the camera optics. The overexposed region at the lower right is the illuminated part of the planet, which is much brighter than the aurora. When light from this region is scattered into the telescope, it creates a diffuse background. The long exposure subjects the detector to more cosmic rays than usual. These create spikes, the bright dots that are sprinkled throughout the image. These images were taken in the clear filter of the solid state imaging (CCD) system aboard the Galileo spacecraft on Nov. 5, 1996. Each pixel subtends a square about 30 kilometers (18.5 miles) throughout the image. The range is 1.433 million kilometers (0.89 million miles).<p>Launched in October 1989, Galileo entered orbit around Jupiter on Dec. 7, 1995. The spacecraft's mission is to conduct detailed studies of the giant planet, its largest moons and its magnetic environment. The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are on the Galileo mission home page on the World Wide Web at http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00560" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00560: Aurora Borealis on Jupiter sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00560: Aurora Borealis on Jupiter sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00560: Aurora Borealis on Jupiter
<h1>PIA00574: "True" Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary</h1><div class="PIA00574" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Pseudo-true color mosaic of a belt-zone boundary near Jupiter's equator. The images that make up the four quadrants of this mosaic were taken within a few minutes of each other. Galileo observes Jupiter's atmosphere in violet and near-infrared light because these wavelengths give information about composition and altitude. While these wavelengths do not allow a true-color image to be constructed (one would need red, green and blue), a pseudo-true color image can be made. Violet light (415 nanometers) is displayed in blue and near-infrared light (757 nanometers) is displayed in red. A combination of violet and near-infrared light is displayed in green. There is unique information in color images because they simultaneously show how regions of the atmosphere interact with several different wavelengths of light. Clouds that appear white reflect light equally at the different wavelengths. Concentrations of certain chemicals or types of cloud particles give a reddish tint to other areas.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes -13 to +3 degrees and is centered at longitude 282 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on November 5th, 1996, at a range of 1.2 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the Galileo mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web Galileo mission home page at http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at http:// www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00574" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00574: "True" Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00574: "True" Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00574: "True" Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary
<h1>PIA00582: Jupiter's Multi-level Clouds</h1><div class="PIA00582" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Clouds and hazes at various altitudes within the dynamic Jovian atmosphere are revealed by multi-color imaging taken by the Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS) onboard the Galileo spacecraft. These images were taken during the second orbit (G2) on September 5, 1996 from an early-morning vantage point 2.1 million kilometers (1.3 million miles) above Jupiter. They show the planet's appearance as viewed at various near-infrared wavelengths, with distinct differences due primarily to variations in the altitudes and opacities of the cloud systems. The top left and right images, taken at 1.61 microns and 2.73 microns respectively, show relatively clear views of the deep atmosphere, with clouds down to a level about three times the atmospheric pressure at the Earth's surface.<p>By contrast, the middle image in top row, taken at 2.17 microns, shows only the highest altitude clouds and hazes. This wavelength is severely affected by the absorption of light by hydrogen gas, the main constituent of Jupiter's atmosphere. Therefore, only the Great Red Spot, the highest equatorial clouds, a small feature at mid-northern latitudes, and thin, high photochemical polar hazes can be seen. In the lower left image, at 3.01 microns, deeper clouds can be seen dimly against gaseous ammonia and methane absorption. In the lower middle image, at 4.99 microns, the light observed is the planet's own indigenous heat from the deep, warm atmosphere.<p>The false color image (lower right) succinctly shows various cloud and haze levels seen in the Jovian atmosphere. This image indicates the temperature and altitude at which the light being observed is produced. Thermally-rich red areas denote high temperatures from photons in the deep atmosphere leaking through minimal cloud cover; green denotes cool temperatures of the tropospheric clouds; blue denotes cold of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The polar regions appear purplish, because small-particle hazes allow leakage and reflectivity, while yellowish regions at temperate latitudes may indicate tropospheric clouds with small particles which also allow leakage. A mix of high and low-altitude aerosols causes the aqua appearance of the Great Red Spot and equatorial region.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory manages the Galileo mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web Galileo mission home page at http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00582" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00582: Jupiter's Multi-level Clouds sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00582: Jupiter's Multi-level Clouds sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00582: Jupiter's Multi-level Clouds
<h1>PIA00604: Jupiter Equatorial Region</h1><div class="PIA00604" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">This photographic mosaic of images from NASA's Galileo spacecraft covers an area of 34,000 kilometers by 22,000 kilometers (about 21,100 by 13,600 miles) in Jupiter's equatorial region. The dark region near the center of the mosaic is an equatorial "hotspot" similar to the site where the Galileo Probe parachuted into Jupiter's atmosphere in December 1995. These features are holes in the bright, reflective, equatorial cloud layer where heat from Jupiter's deep atmosphere can pass through. The circulation patterns observed here along with the composition measurements from the Galileo Probe suggest that dry air may be converging and sinking over these regions, maintaining their cloud-free appearance. The bright oval in the upper right of the mosaic as well as the other smaller bright features are examples of upwelling of moist air and condensation. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers (about 930,000 miles) by the Solid State Imaging camera system aboard Galileo.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes 1 to 19 degrees and is centered at longitude 336 degrees west. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at: http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at: http:/ /www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00604" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00604: Jupiter Equatorial Region sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00604: Jupiter Equatorial Region sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00604: Jupiter Equatorial Region
<h1>PIA00605: Visible Jovian Aurora</h1><div class="PIA00605" lang="en" style="width:614px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Jupiter's aurora on the night side of the planet is seen here at five different wavelengths. Jupiter's bright crescent, which is about half illuminated, is out of view to the right. North is at the top. The images are centered at 57 degrees north and 184 degrees West and were taken on April 2, 1997 at a range of 1.7 million kilometers (1.05 million miles) by the Solid State Imaging (SSI) camera system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>Although Jupiter's aurora had been imaged from Earth in the ultraviolet and infrared, these are the first images at visible wavelengths, where most of the emission takes place. CLR stands for clear (no filter) and shows the integrated brightness at all wavelengths. The other panels show the violet, green, red, and 889 nanometer-wavelength filtered images. The brightness of the aurora is roughly independent of wavelength, at least at the spectral resolution obtainable with these filters.<p>As on Earth, the aurora is caused by electrically charged particles striking the upper atmosphere, causing the molecules of the atmosphere to glow. The brightness in the different filters contains information about the energy of the impinging particles and the composition of the upper atmosphere. If atomic hydrogen were the only emitter, the light would be much stronger in the red filter, which is not consistent with the observed distribution.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at: http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at: http:/ /www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00605" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00605: Visible Jovian Aurora sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00605: Visible Jovian Aurora sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00605: Visible Jovian Aurora
<h1>PIA00704: Io Eclipse/Volcanic Eruption</h1><div class="PIA00704" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">This image was acquired while Io was in eclipse (in Jupiter's shadow) during Galileo's eighth orbit, and reveals several dynamic processes. The most intense features are red, while glows of lesser intensity are yellow or green, and very faint glows appear blue in this color-coded image. The small red or yellow spots mark the sites of high-temperature magma erupting onto the surface in lava flows or lava lakes.<p>This image reveals a field of bright spots near Io's sub-Jupiter point (right-hand side of image). The sub-Jupiter hemisphere always faces Jupiter just as the Moon's nearside always faces Earth. There are extended diffuse glows on the equatorial limbs or edges of the planet (right and left sides). The glow on the left is over the active volcanic plume Prometheus, but whereas Prometheus appears to be 75 kilometers (46.6 miles) high in reflected light, here the diffuse glow extends about 800 kilometers (497 miles) from Io's limb. This extended glow indicates that gas or small particles reach much greater heights than the dense inner plume. The diffuse glow on the right side reaches a height of 400 kilometers (249 miles), and includes a prominence with a plume-like shape. However, no volcanic plume has been seen at this location in reflected light. This type of observation is revealing the relationships between Io's volcanism, atmosphere and exosphere.<p>Taken on May 6, 1997, north is toward the top. The image was taken with the clear filter of the solid state imaging (CCD) system on NASA's Galileo spacecraft at a range of 1.8 million kilometers (1.1 million miles).<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the Galileo mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC. JPL is an operating division of California Institute of Technology (Caltech).<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00704" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00704: Io Eclipse/Volcanic Eruption sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00704: Io Eclipse/Volcanic Eruption sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00704: Io Eclipse/Volcanic Eruption
<h1>PIA00724: Mesoscale Waves in Jupiter's Atmosphere</h1><div class="PIA00724" lang="en" style="width:513px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">These two images of Jupiter's atmosphere were taken with the violet filter of the Solid State Imaging (CCD) system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft. The images were obtained on June 26, 1996; the lower image was taken approximately one rotation (9 hours) later than the upper image.<p>Mesoscale waves can be seen in the center of the upper image. They appear as a series of about 15 nearly vertical stripes; the wave crests are aligned north-south. The wave packet is about 300 kilometers in length and is aligned east-west. In the lower image there is no indication of the waves, though the clouds appear to have been disturbed. Such waves were seen also in images obtained by NASA's Voyager spacecraft in 1979, though lower spatial and time resolution made tracking of features such as these nearly impossible.<p>Mesoscale waves occur when the wind shear is strong in an atmospheric layer that is sandwiched vertically between zones of stable stratification. The orientation of the wave crests is perpendicular to the shear. Thus, a wave observation gives information about how the wind direction changes with height in the atmosphere.<p>North is at the top of these images which are centered at approximately 15 South latitude and 307 West longitude. In the upper image, each picture element (pixel) subtends a square of about 36 kilometers on a side, and the spacecraft was at a range of more than 1.7 million kilometers from Jupiter. In the lower image, each pixel subtends a square of about 30 kilometers on a side, and the spacecraft was at a range of more than 1.4 million kilometers from Jupiter.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00724" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00724: Mesoscale Waves in Jupiter's Atmosphere sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00724: Mesoscale Waves in Jupiter's Atmosphere sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00724: Mesoscale Waves in Jupiter's Atmosphere
<h1>PIA00725: Time changes in Storm Clouds in Jupiter's Atmosphere</h1><div class="PIA00725" lang="en" style="width:550px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">These two images of Jupiter's atmosphere were taken in the near-infrared portion of the spectrum with the 756 nanometer (nm) filter of the Solid State Imaging (CCD) system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft on June 26, 1996.<p>The bright white spot in the center of each image is to the northwest of Jupiter's Great Red Spot (GRS). The right image was taken approximately 9 hours later than the left image; the time separation of these two images shows the evolution of the clouds during one Jovian rotation period. Sequences obtained by NASA's Voyager spacecraft in 1979 show similar spots to the west of the GRS, which grew rapidly to diameters of 2000 kilometers within one day.<p>North is at the top of these images which are centered at approximately 13 South latitude and 335 West longitude. In the left image, each picture element (pixel) subtends a square of about 36 kilometers on a side, and the spacecraft was at a range of more than 1.7 million kilometers from Jupiter. In the right image, each pixel subtends a square of about 30 kilometers on a side, and the spacecraft was at a range of more than 1.4 million kilometers from Jupiter.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00725" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00725: Time changes in Storm Clouds in Jupiter's Atmosphere sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00725: Time changes in Storm Clouds in Jupiter's Atmosphere sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00725: Time changes in Storm Clouds in Jupiter's Atmosphere
<h1>PIA00843: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary (Methane filter, 732 nm)</h1><div class="PIA00843" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaic of a belt-zone boundary near Jupiter's equator. The images that make up the four quadrants of this mosaic were taken within a few minutes of each other and show Jupiter's appearance at 732 nanometers (nm). Sunlight at 732 nm is weakly absorbed by atmospheric methane. This absorption lowers the total amount of scattered light detected by the Galileo spacecraft while enhancing the fraction that comes from higher in Jupiter's atmosphere where less methane is present. The features of the lower ammonia cloud deck that are seen at 756 nm remain visible, but features in the higher, diffuse cloud are made more apparent.<p>The bowed shape of the clouds in the center of the image is created by a combination of stretching in the eastward direction by strong winds and stretching in the north-south direction by weaker winds. The precise shape of the bow and the eastward wind speeds can be measured. The north-south wind speeds, too small to be directly measured, then can be calculated. These images may provide the first indirect measurement of Jupiter's north-south winds.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00843" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00843: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary (Methane filter, 732 nm) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00843: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary (Methane filter, 732 nm) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00843: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary (Methane filter, 732 nm)
<h1>PIA00848: NIMS Views of a Jovian "Hot Spot"</h1><div class="PIA00848" lang="en" style="width:700px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>These four Galileo/NIMS near-infrared images of a small portion of the equatorial region of Jupiter show a dark clearing of clouds in the meteorologically-active troposphere of Jupiter. This region constitutes a "hot spot," a nearly-clear area devoid of thick ammonia clouds which allows Jupiter's indigenous heat radiation to shine through at 5 microns (not shown). These features are thought to be areas of downwelling, dry (low ammonia and water humidity) air. The second image from the top, taken at a wavelength sensitive to methane absorption, has muted contrast, showing that a high-level optically-thin haze layer overlies the entire region. All other images, taken over a large range of methane-insensitive wavelengths from 0.76 to 2.74 microns, reveal such 5 micron bright hotspots as actually being dark in reflected sunlight, confirming clearings in the bright reflective surrounding cloud layer and perhaps indicating absorption by clouds and/or gases at relatively deep levels in the atmosphere.<p>These images were acquired December 17, 1996 from a distance of 1.43 million kilometers above the cloudtops. The large dark clearing near the middle of the image is approximately 7000 km wide in the east-west direction and 4000 km tall in the north-south direction, about twice the size of the continental U. S. Images shown are at 0.76, 1.61, 1.99, and 2.74 microns, proceeding from top to bottom.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00848" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00848: NIMS Views of a Jovian "Hot Spot" sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00848: NIMS Views of a Jovian "Hot Spot" sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00848: NIMS Views of a Jovian "Hot Spot"
<h1>PIA00879: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in the Near-Infrared (Time Set 1)</h1><div class="PIA00879" lang="en" style="width:720px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaic of Jupiter's northern hemisphere between 10 and 50 degrees latitude. Jupiter's atmospheric circulation is dominated by alternating eastward and westward jets from equatorial to polar latitudes. The direction and speed of these jets in part determine the color and texture of the clouds seen in this mosaic. Also visible are several other common Jovian cloud features, including large white ovals, bright spots, dark spots, interacting vortices, and turbulent chaotic systems. The north-south dimension of each of the two interacting vortices in the upper half of the mosaic is about 3500 kilometers. The near-infrared continuum filter (756 nanometers) shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck.<p>North is at the top. The images are projected on a sphere, with features being foreshortened towards the north. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on April 3, 1997, at a range of 1.4 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system on NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00879" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00879: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in the Near-Infrared (Time Set 1) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00879: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in the Near-Infrared (Time Set 1) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00879: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in the Near-Infrared (Time Set 1)
<h1>PIA00884: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in a Methane Band (Time Set 2)</h1><div class="PIA00884" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaic of Jupiter's northern hemisphere between 10 and 50 degrees latitude. Jupiter's atmospheric circulation is dominated by alternating eastward and westward jets from equatorial to polar latitudes. The direction and speed of these jets in part determine the color and texture of the clouds seen in this mosaic. Also visible are several other common Jovian cloud features, including large white ovals, bright spots, dark spots, interacting vortices, and turbulent chaotic systems. The north-south dimension of each of the two interacting vortices in the upper half of the mosaic is about 3500 kilometers. Light at 727 nanometers is moderately absorbed by atmospheric methane. This mosaic shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck and upper-tropospheric haze, with higher features enhanced in brightness over lower features.<p>North is at the top. The images are projected on a sphere, with features being foreshortened towards the north. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on April 3, 1997, at a range of 1.4 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system on NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00884" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00884: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in a Methane Band (Time Set 2) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00884: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in a Methane Band (Time Set 2) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00884: Jupiter's Northern Hemisphere in a Methane Band (Time Set 2)
<h1>PIA01080: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 1)</h1><div class="PIA01080" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">True and false color views of an equatorial "hotspot" on Jupiter. These images cover an area 34,000 kilometers by 11,000 kilometers. The top mosaic combines the violet (410 nanometers or nm) and near-infrared continuum (756 nm) filter images to create an image similar to how Jupiter would appear to human eyes. Differences in coloration are due to the composition and abundances of trace chemicals in Jupiter's atmosphere. The bottom mosaic uses Galileo's three near-infrared wavelengths (756 nm, 727 nm, and 889 nm displayed in red, green, and blue) to show variations in cloud height and thickness. Bluish clouds are high and thin, reddish clouds are low, and white clouds are high and thick. The dark blue hotspot in the center is a hole in the deep cloud with an overlying thin haze. The light blue region to the left is covered by a very high haze layer. The multicolored region to the right has overlapping cloud layers of different heights. Galileo is the first spacecraft to distinguish cloud layers on Jupiter.<p>North is at the top. The mosaics cover latitudes 1 to 10 degrees and are centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01080" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01080: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01080: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01080: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 1)
<h1>PIA01093: Turbulent Region Near Jupiter's Great Red Spot</h1><div class="PIA01093" lang="en" style="width:685px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">True and false color mosaics of the turbulent region west of Jupiter's Great Red Spot. The Great Red Spot is on the planetary limb on the right hand side of each mosaic. The region west (left) of the Great Red Spot is characterized by large, turbulent structures that rapidly change in appearance. The turbulence results from the collision of a westward jet that is deflected northward by the Great Red Spot into a higher latitude eastward jet. The large eddies nearest to the Great Red Spot are bright, suggesting that convection and cloud formation are active there.<p>The top mosaic combines the violet (410 nanometers) and near infrared continuum (756 nanometers) filter images to create a mosaic similar to how Jupiter would appear to human eyes. Differences in coloration are due to the composition and abundance of trace chemicals in Jupiter's atmosphere. The lower mosaic uses the Galileo imaging camera's three near-infrared (invisible) wavelengths (756 nanometers, 727 nanometers, and 889 nanometers displayed in red, green, and blue) to show variations in cloud height and thickness. Light blue clouds are high and thin, reddish clouds are deep, and white clouds are high and thick. Purple most likely represents a high haze overlying a clear deep atmosphere. Galileo is the first spacecraft to distinguish cloud layers on Jupiter.<p>The mosaic is centered at 16.5 degrees south planetocentric latitude and 85 degrees west longitude. The north-south dimension of the Great Red Spot is approximately 11,000 kilometers. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. North is at the top of the picture. The images used were taken on June 26, 1997 at a range of 1.2 million kilometers (1.05 million miles) by the Solid State Imaging (SSI) system on NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the Galileo mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC. JPL is an operating division of California Institute of Technology (Caltech).<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01093" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01093: Turbulent Region Near Jupiter's Great Red Spot sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01093: Turbulent Region Near Jupiter's Great Red Spot sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01093: Turbulent Region Near Jupiter's Great Red Spot
<h1>PIA01096: Jovian Lightning and Moonlit Clouds</h1><div class="PIA01096" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Jovian lightning and moonlit clouds. These two images, taken 75 minutes apart, show lightning storms on the night side of Jupiter along with clouds dimly lit by moonlight from Io, Jupiter's closest moon. The images were taken in visible light and are displayed in shades of red. The images used an exposure time of about one minute, and were taken when the spacecraft was on the opposite side of Jupiter from the Earth and Sun. Bright storms are present at two latitudes in the left image, and at three latitudes in the right image. Each storm was made visible by multiple lightning strikes during the exposure. Other Galileo images were deliberately scanned from east to west in order to separate individual flashes. The images show that Jovian and terrestrial lightning storms have similar flash rates, but that Jovian lightning strikes are a few orders of magnitude brighter in visible light.<p>The moonlight from Io allows the lightning storms to be correlated with visible cloud features. The latitude bands where the storms are seen seem to coincide with the "disturbed regions" in daylight images, where short-lived chaotic motions push clouds to high altitudes, much like thunderstorms on Earth. The storms in these images are roughly one to two thousand kilometers across, while individual flashes appear hundreds of kilometer across. The lightning probably originates from the deep water cloud layer and illuminates a large region of the visible ammonia cloud layer from 100 kilometers below it.<p>There are several small light and dark patches that are artifacts of data compression. North is at the top of the picture. The images span approximately 50 degrees in latitude and longitude. The lower edges of the images are aligned with the equator. The images were taken on October 5th and 6th, 1997 at a range of 6.6 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging (SSI) system on NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the Galileo mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC. JPL is an operating division of California Institute of Technology (Caltech).<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01096" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01096: Jovian Lightning and Moonlit Clouds sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01096: Jovian Lightning and Moonlit Clouds sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01096: Jovian Lightning and Moonlit Clouds
<h1>PIA01113: Winds Near Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary</h1><div class="PIA01113" lang="en" style="width:705px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Time Sequence of a belt-zone boundary near Jupiter's equator. These mosaics show Jupiter's appearance at 757 nanometers (near-infrared) and were taken nine hours apart. Images at 757 nanometers show features of Jupiter's primary visible cloud deck.<p>Jupiter's atmospheric circulation is dominated by alternating jets of east/west (zonal) winds. The bands have different widths and wind speeds but have remained constant as long as telescopes and spacecraft have measured them. A strong eastward jet is made visible as it stretches the clouds just below the center of this mosaic. The maximum wind speed of this jet is 128 meters per second (286 miles per hour). Features on this jet move about one quarter of the width of the mosaic. All the features visible in these mosaics are moving eastward (right).<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes -13 to +3 degrees and is centered at longitude 282 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on November 5th, 1996, at a range of 1.2 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01113" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01113: Winds Near Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01113: Winds Near Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01113: Winds Near Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary
<h1>PIA01114: Using Methane Absorption to Probe Jupiter's Atmosphere</h1><div class="PIA01114" lang="en" style="width:705px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaics of a belt-zone boundary near Jupiter's equator in near-infrared light moderately absorbed by atmospheric methane (top panel), and strongly absorbed by atmospheric methane (bottom panel). The four images that make up each of these mosaics were taken within a few minutes of each other. Methane in Jupiter's atmosphere absorbs light at specific wavelengths called absorption bands. By detecting light close and far from these absorption bands, Galileo can probe to different depths in Jupiter's atmosphere. Sunlight near 732 nanometers (top panel) is moderately absorbed by methane. Some of the light reflected from clouds deep in Jupiter's troposphere is absorbed, enhancing the higher features. Sunlight at 886 nanometers (bottom panel) is strongly absorbed by methane. Most of the light reflected from the deeper clouds is absorbed, making these clouds invisible. Features in the diffuse cloud layer higher in Jupiter's atmosphere are greatly enhanced.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes -13 to +3 degrees and is centered at longitude 282 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on November 5th, 1996, at a range of 1.2 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01114" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01114: Using Methane Absorption to Probe Jupiter's Atmosphere sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01114: Using Methane Absorption to Probe Jupiter's Atmosphere sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01114: Using Methane Absorption to Probe Jupiter's Atmosphere
<h1>PIA01115: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary in Near-Infrared and Violet Light</h1><div class="PIA01115" lang="en" style="width:705px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaics of a belt-zone boundary near Jupiter's equator in violet (top panel) and near-infrared (bottom panel) light. The four images that make up each of these mosaics were taken within a few minutes of each other. Sunlight at 757 nanometers (near-infrared) penetrates deep into Jupiter's troposphere before being absorbed or scattered by clouds to the Galileo spacecraft. This wavelength reveals the features of the lower visible cloud deck. Sunlight at 415 nanometers (violet) is a scattered or absorbed to varying degrees in different parts of Jupiter's atmosphere depending on the types and concentrations of cloud particles and chemicals that color Jupiter's atmosphere. The near-infrared mosaic primarily shows cloud features. The violet mosaic has three distinct regions: it is brightest at the latitude of the jet (horizontally across the center of the mosaic), moderately bright north of the jet, and dark and patchy south of the jet.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes -13 to +3 degrees and is centered at longitude 282 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on November 5th, 1996, at a range of 1.2 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01115" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01115: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary in Near-Infrared and Violet Light sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01115: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary in Near-Infrared and Violet Light sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01115: Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary in Near-Infrared and Violet Light
<h1>PIA01116: False Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary</h1><div class="PIA01116" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">False-color mosaic of a belt-zone boundary near Jupiter's equator. The images that make up the four quadrants of this mosaic were taken within a few minutes of each other. Light at each of Galileo's three near-infrared wavelengths is displayed here mapped to the visible colors red, green, and blue. Light at 886 nanometers, strongly absorbed by atmospheric methane and scattered from clouds high in the atmosphere, is shown in red. Light at 732 nanometers, moderately absorbed by atmospheric methane, is shown in green. Light at 757 nanometers, scattered mostly from Jupiter's lower visible cloud deck, is shown in blue. The lower cloud deck appears bluish white, while the higher layer appears pinkish. The holes in the upper layer and their relationships to features in the lower cloud deck can be studied in the lower half of the mosaic. Galileo is the first spacecraft to image different layers in Jupiter's atmosphere.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes -13 to +3 degrees and is centered at longitude 282 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on November 5th, 1996, at a range of 1.2 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01116" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01116: False Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01116: False Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01116: False Color Mosaic of Jupiter's Belt-Zone Boundary
<h1>PIA01119: Changes in Jupiter's Great Red Spot After Four Months</h1><div class="PIA01119" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Northeast (upper right) quadrant of Jupiter's Great Red Spot in June and November 1996. The top panel shows the region in near-infrared light (732 nanometers) on June 26, 1996. The bottom panel shows the same region at 757 nanometers on November 5, 1996. Both images show features in Jupiter's main visible cloud deck. A westward (to the left) jet is deflected northward by the Great Red Spot in this region. Cloud features, possibly including thunderstorms, were actively changing during the June encounter. The deflection around the Red Spot appears to be less during the November encounter. Small thunderstorm-like clouds are once again present. The bottom image was taken with the high resolution mode of the camera that allows features twice as small to be detected.<p>North is at the top. The images are approximately 6000 kilometers from north to south and 15,000 kilometers from east to west. They are centered at 14 degrees latitude and 314 and 353 degrees west longitude, respectively. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01119" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01119: Changes in Jupiter's Great Red Spot After Four Months sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01119: Changes in Jupiter's Great Red Spot After Four Months sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01119: Changes in Jupiter's Great Red Spot After Four Months
<h1>PIA01184: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 3)</h1><div class="PIA01184" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">True and false color views of an equatorial "hotspot" on Jupiter. These images cover an area 34,000 kilometers by 11,000 kilometers. The top mosaic combines the violet (410 nanometers or nm) and near-infrared continuum (756 nm) filter images to create an image similar to how Jupiter would appear to human eyes. Differences in coloration are due to the composition and abundances of trace chemicals in Jupiter's atmosphere. The bottom mosaic uses Galileo's three near-infrared wavelengths (756 nm, 727 nm, and 889 nm displayed in red, green, and blue) to show variations in cloud height and thickness. Bluish clouds are high and thin, reddish clouds are low, and white clouds are high and thick. The dark blue hotspot in the center is a hole in the deep cloud with an overlying thin haze. The light blue region to the left is covered by a very high haze layer. The multicolored region to the right has overlapping cloud layers of different heights. Galileo is the first spacecraft to distinguish cloud layers on Jupiter.<p>North is at the top. The mosaics cover latitudes 1 to 10 degrees and are centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The planetary limb runs along the right edge of the image. Cloud patterns appear foreshortened as they approach the limb. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01184" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01184: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 3) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01184: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 3) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01184: A Jovian Hotspot in True and False Colors (Time set 3)
<h1>PIA01187: Wind Patterns in Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time set 1)</h1><div class="PIA01187" lang="en" style="width:640px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>Wind patterns of Jupiter's equatorial region. This mosaic covers an area of 34,000 kilometers by 22,000 kilometers and was taken using the 756 nanometer (nm) near-infrared continuum filter. The dark region near the center of the mosaic is an equatorial "hotspot" similar to the Galileo Probe entry site. The near-infrared continuum filter shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck.<p>Jupiter's atmospheric circulation is dominated by alternating jets of east/west (zonal) winds. The bands have different widths and wind speeds but have remained constant as long as telescopes and spacecraft have measured them. The top half of these mosaics lies within Jupiter's North Equatorial Belt, a westward (left) current. The bottom half shows part of the Equatorial Zone, a fast moving eastward current. The clouds near the hotspot are the fastest moving features in these mosaics, moving at about 100 meters per second, or 224 miles per hour.<p>Superimposed on the zonal wind currents is the Jovian "weather." The arrows show the winds measured by an observer moving eastward (right) at the speed of the hotspot. (The observer's perspective is that the hotspot is "still" while the rest of the planet moves around it.) Clouds south of the hotspot appear to be moving towards it, as seen in the flow aligned with cloud streaks to the southwest and in the clockwise flow to the southeast. Interestingly, there is little cloud motion away from the hotspot in any direction. This is consistent with the idea that dry air is converging over this region and sinking, maintaining the cloud-free nature of the hotspot.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes 1 to 19 degrees and is centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01187" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01187: Wind Patterns in Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01187: Wind Patterns in Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01187: Wind Patterns in Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time set 1)
<h1>PIA01188: Time Sequence of Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time Sets 2 & 4)</h1><div class="PIA01188" lang="en" style="width:552px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Time sequence of Jupiter's equatorial region at 756 nanometers (nm). The mosaics cover an area of 34,000 kilometers by 22,000 kilometers and were taken ten hours (approximately one Jovian rotation) apart. The dark region near the center of the mosaic is an equatorial "hotspot" similar to the Galileo Probe entry site. The near-infrared continuum filter shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck.<p>Jupiter's atmospheric circulation is dominated by alternating jets of east/west (zonal) winds. The bands have different widths and wind speeds but have remained constant as long as telescopes and spacecraft have measured them. The top half of these mosaics lies within Jupiter's North Equatorial Belt, a westward (left) current. The bottom half shows part of the Equatorial Zone, a fast moving eastward current. The clouds near the hotspot are the fastest moving features in these mosaics, moving at about 100 meters per second, or 224 miles per hour.<p>North is at the top. The mosaics cover latitudes 1 to 19 degrees and are centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The grid lines, fixed in longitude, mark 350 degrees west (on the left edge) with decreasing longitude lines marking every 5 degrees moving east (to the right). The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01188" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01188: Time Sequence of Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time Sets 2 & 4) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01188: Time Sequence of Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time Sets 2 & 4) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01188: Time Sequence of Jupiter's Equatorial Region (Time Sets 2 & 4)
<h1>PIA01195: Hazes near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 315 degrees West)</h1><div class="PIA01195" lang="en" style="width:572px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">These images show the apparent edge (limb) of the planet Jupiter as seen through both the violet filter (top frame) and an infrared filter (756 nanometers, bottom frame) of the Solid State Imaging (CCD) system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft. North is to the top of the picture. A separate haze layer is clearly visible above the northern part of the limb.<p>This haze layer becomes less well defined to the south (bottom left). Such a detached haze layer has been seen previously on only one other body with a thick atmosphere: Saturn's satellite Titan. The haze layer cannot be lower in the atmosphere than a pressure of about 10 millibars (mbar), or about 40 kilometers (km) above the tropopause. (The tropopause, where the temperature stops decreasing with height, is at about 100 mbar, 20 km above the tops of the ammonia clouds.) There is some indication of streaks of slightly brighter and darker material running roughly north-south (parallel to the limb) on Jupiter's crescent.<p>The images, which show the limb between 60.5 degrees and 61.8 degrees North latitude (planetographic) and near 315 degrees West longitude, were obtained on December 20, 1996 Universal Time. The spacecraft was about 1,286,000 km (18.0 Jovian radii) from the limb of Jupiter and the resolution is about 13 kilometers per picture element.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01195" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01195: Hazes near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 315 degrees West) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01195: Hazes near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 315 degrees West) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01195: Hazes near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 315 degrees West)
<h1>PIA01196: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 295 degrees West)</h1><div class="PIA01196" lang="en" style="width:572px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">These images show the apparent edge (limb) of the planet Jupiter as seen through both the violet filter (top frame) and an infrared filter (756 nanometers, bottom frame) of the Solid State Imaging (CCD) system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft. North is to the top of the picture. There is at least one bright streak clearly visible on the crescent, running roughly north-south (parallel to the limb). It is unusual for such brightness or albedo features to be visible in planetary images taken at such a high solar phase angle. (The solar phase angle is the angle from the sun to the limb of the planet to the spacecraft camera. For this image it was 157 degrees, which means the camera was looking only 23 degrees away from the sun.) No separate haze layer is visible in these images. It is possible, but not certain, that if a feature such as the bright streak were seen directly over the limb, it would appear as such a separate haze layer.<p>The images, which show the limb between 60.6 degrees and 62.2 degrees North latitude (planetographic) and near 295 degrees West longitude, were obtained on December 20, 1996 Universal Time. The spacecraft was about 1,561,000 km (21.8 Jovian radii) from the limb of Jupiter and the resolution is about 16 kilometers per picture element.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01196" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01196: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 295 degrees West) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01196: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 295 degrees West) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01196: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb (60 degrees North, 295 degrees West)
<h1>PIA01197: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb at 60 degrees North</h1><div class="PIA01197" lang="en" style="width:572px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">These images show the apparent edge (limb) of the planet Jupiter as seen through both the violet filter (first and third frames) and an infrared filter (2nd and fourth frames) of the Solid State Imaging (CCD) system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft. North is to the top of the picture. The top two frames, obtained near 315 degrees show a separate haze layer above the northern part of the limb, becoming less prominent toward the south (lower left). This haze layer is present in both the violet and infrared images, but it is much darker relative to Jupiter's crescent in the infrared. In the bottom two frames, which are only 20 degrees away near 295 degrees West longitude, there is no sign of the detached haze layer, but there is at least one streak visible on the crescent, running roughly north-south and slightly brighter than its surroundings. It is possible, although not certain, that this feature would appear as a separate haze layer if it were seen precisely on the limb. This streak cannot be exactly what appeared over the limb as a separate haze layer in the top two frames, since that region of Jupiter has rotated away from the camera, and is on the far side of the planet in the bottom two frames. A detached haze layer such as that seen in the top two frames has been found previously on only one other body with a thick atmosphere: Saturn's satellite Titan.<p>The brightness levels of these images have been stretched to bring out the fainter features; the bright crescent of the planet thus appears saturated. The images, which show the limb near 60 degrees North latitude (planetographic), were obtained on December 20, 1996 Universal Time. In the upper two frames, the spacecraft was about 1,286,000 km from the limb of Jupiter and the resolution is about 13 kilometers per picture element. In the lower two frames, the spacecraft was about 1,561,000 km from the limb of Jupiter and the resolution is about 16 kilometers per picture element.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01197" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01197: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb at 60 degrees North sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01197: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb at 60 degrees North sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01197: Haze observations near Jupiter's Limb at 60 degrees North
<h1>PIA01198: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 1)</h1><div class="PIA01198" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaic of Jupiter's equatorial region at 756 nanometers (nm). The mosaic covers an area of 34,000 kilometers by 22,000 kilometers. The near-infrared continuum filter shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck. The dark region near the center of the mosaic is an equatorial "hotspot" similar to the Galileo Probe entry site. These features are holes in the bright, reflective, equatorial cloud layer where warmer thermal emission from Jupiter's deep atmosphere can pass through. The circulation patterns observed here along with the composition measurements from the Galileo Probe suggest that dry air may be converging and sinking over these regions, maintaining their cloud-free appearance. The bright oval in the upper right of the mosaic as well as the other smaller bright features are examples of upwelling of moist air and condensation.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes 1 to 19 degrees and is centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01198" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01198: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01198: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01198: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 1)
<h1>PIA01199: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in a Methane band (Time set 1)</h1><div class="PIA01199" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaic of Jupiter's equatorial region at 727 nanometers (nm). The mosaic covers an area of 34,000 kilometers by 22,000 kilometers. Light at 727 nm is moderately absorbed by atmospheric methane. This image shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck and upper tropospheric haze, with higher features enhanced in brightness over lower features. The dark region near the center of the mosaic is an equatorial "hotspot" similar to the Galileo Probe entry site. These features are holes in the bright, reflective, equatorial cloud layer where warmer thermal emission from Jupiter's deep atmosphere can pass through. The circulation patterns observed here along with the composition measurements from the Galileo Probe suggest that dry air may be converging and sinking over these regions, maintaining their cloud-free appearance. The bright oval in the upper right of the mosaic as well as the other smaller bright features are examples of upwelling of moist air and condensation.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes 1 to 19 degrees and is centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01199" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01199: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in a Methane band (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01199: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in a Methane band (Time set 1) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01199: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in a Methane band (Time set 1)
<h1>PIA01202: Jupiter's Equatorial Region at 727 nanometers (Time set 2)</h1><div class="PIA01202" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaic of Jupiter's equatorial region at 727 nanometers (nm). The mosaic covers an area of 34,000 kilometers by 22,000 kilometers. Light at 727 nm is moderately absorbed by atmospheric methane. This image shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck and upper tropospheric haze, with higher features enhanced in brightness over lower features. The dark region near the center of the mosaic is an equatorial "hotspot" similar to the Galileo Probe entry site. These features are holes in the bright, reflective, equatorial cloud layer where warmer thermal emission from Jupiter's deep atmosphere can pass through. The circulation patterns observed here along with the composition measurements from the Galileo Probe suggest that dry air may be converging and sinking over these regions, maintaining their cloud-free appearance. The bright oval in the upper right of the mosaic as well as the other smaller bright features are examples of upwelling of moist air and condensation.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes 1 to 19 degrees and is centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01202" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01202: Jupiter's Equatorial Region at 727 nanometers (Time set 2) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01202: Jupiter's Equatorial Region at 727 nanometers (Time set 2) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01202: Jupiter's Equatorial Region at 727 nanometers (Time set 2)
<h1>PIA01205: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 3)</h1><div class="PIA01205" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;">Mosaic of Jupiter's equatorial region at 756 nanometers (nm). The mosaic covers an area of 34,000 kilometers by 22,000 kilometers. The near-infrared continuum filter shows the features of Jupiter's main visible cloud deck. The dark region near the center of the mosaic is an equatorial "hotspot" similar to the Galileo Probe entry site. These features are holes in the bright, reflective, equatorial cloud layer where warmer thermal emission from Jupiter's deep atmosphere can pass through. The circulation patterns observed here along with the composition measurements from the Galileo Probe suggest that dry air may be converging and sinking over these regions, maintaining their cloud-free appearance. The bright oval in the upper right of the mosaic as well as the other smaller bright features are examples of upwelling of moist air and condensation.<p>North is at the top. The mosaic covers latitudes 1 to 19 degrees and is centered at longitude 336 degrees West. The planetary limb runs along the right edge of the image. Cloud patterns appear foreshortened as they approach the limb. The smallest resolved features are tens of kilometers in size. These images were taken on December 17, 1996, at a range of 1.5 million kilometers by the Solid State Imaging system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft.<p>The Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA manages the mission for NASA's Office of Space Science, Washington, DC.<p>This image and other images and data received from Galileo are posted on the World Wide Web, on the Galileo mission home page at URL http://galileo.jpl.nasa.gov. Background information and educational context for the images can be found at <a href="http://www2.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo/" target="_blank">http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/sepo</a>..<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA01205" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA01205: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 3) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA01205: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 3) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA01205: Jupiter's Equatorial Region in the Near-Infrared (Time set 3)