Galerie de photos de la Lune, satellite de la Terre

<h1>PIA08005: Full-Frame Reference for Test Photo of Moon</h1><div class="PIA08005" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>This pair of views shows how little of the full image frame was taken up by the Moon in test images taken Sept. 8, 2005, by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. The Mars-bound camera imaged Earth's Moon from a distance of about 10 million kilometers (6 million miles) away -- 26 times the distance between Earth and the Moon -- as part of an activity to test and calibrate the camera. The images are very significant because they show that the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft and this camera can properly operate together to collect very high-resolution images of Mars. The target must move through the camera's telescope view in just the right direction and speed to acquire a proper image. The day's test images also demonstrate that the focus mechanism works properly with the telescope to produce sharp images.</p><p>Out of the 20,000-pixel-by-6,000-pixel full frame, the Moon's diameter is about 340 pixels, if the full Moon could be seen. The illuminated crescent is about 60 pixels wide, and the resolution is about 10 kilometers (6 miles) per pixel. At Mars, the entire image region will be filled with high-resolution information.</p><p>The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, launched on Aug. 12, 2005, is on course to reach Mars on March 10, 2006. After gradually adjusting the shape of its orbit for half a year, it will begin its primary science phase in November 2006. From the mission's planned science orbit about 300 kilometers (186 miles) above the surface of Mars, the high resolution camera will be able to discern features as small as one meter or yard across.</p><p>The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter mission is managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, for the NASA Science Mission Directorate. Lockheed Martin Space Systems, Denver, prime contractor for the project, built the spacecraft. Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., Boulder, Colo., built the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment instrument for the University of Arizona, Tucson, to provide to the mission. The HiRISE Operations Center at the University of Arizona processes images from the camera. </p><br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA08005" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA08005: Full-Frame Reference for Test Photo of Moon sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA08005: Full-Frame Reference for Test Photo of Moon sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA08005: Full-Frame Reference for Test Photo of Moon
<h1>PIA00001: South Pole Region of the Moon as Seen by Clementine</h1><div class="PIA00001" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>Lunar mosaic of ~1500 Clementine images of the south polar region of the moon. The projection is orthographic, centered on the south pole. The Schrodinger Basin (320 km in diameter) is located in the lower right of the mosaic. Amundsen-Ganswindt is the more subdued circular basin between Schrodinger and the pole. The polar regions of the moon are of special interest because of the postulated occurrence of ice in permanently shadowed areas. The south pole is of greater interest because the area that remains in shadow is much larger than that at the north pole.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00001" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00001: South Pole Region of the Moon as Seen by Clementine sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00001: South Pole Region of the Moon as Seen by Clementine sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00001: South Pole Region of the Moon as Seen by Clementine
<h1>PIA00090: Multispectral Mosaic of the Aristarchus Crater and Plateau</h1><div class="PIA00090" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>The Aristarchus region is one of the most diverse and interesting areas on the Moon. About 500 Clementine images acquired through three spectral filters (415, 750, and 1000 nm) were processed and combined into a multispectral mosaic of this region. Shown here is a color-ratio composite, in which the 750/415 ratio controls the red-channel brightness, it inverse (415/750) controls the blue, and the 750/1000 ratio controls the green. Color ratios serve to cancel out the dominant brightness variations and topographic shading, thus isolating the color differences related to composition or mineralogy. The Aristarchus plateau is a rectangular, elevated crustal block about 200 km across, surrounded by the vast mare lava plains of Oceanus Procellarum. Clementine altimetry shows that the plateau is a tilted slab sloping down to the northwest, that rises more than 2 km above Oceanus Procellarum on its southeastern margin. The plateau was probably uplifted, tilted, and fractured by the Imbrium basin impact, which also deposited hummocky ejecta on the plateau surface. The plateau has experienced intense volcanic activity, both effusive and explosive. It includes the densest concentration of lunar sinuous rilles, including the largest known, Vallis Schroteri, which is about 160 km long, up to 11 km wide, and 1 km deep. The rilles in this area begin at 'cobra-head' craters, which are the apparent vents for low-viscosity lavas that formed vents for 'dark mantling' deposit covering the plateau and nearby areas to the north and east. This dark mantling deposit probably consists primarily of iron-rich glass spheres (pyroclastics or cinders), and has a deep red color on this image. Rather than forming cinder cones as on Earth, the lower gravity and vacuum of the Moon allows the pyroclastics to travel much greater heights and distances, thus depositing an extensive regional blanket. The Aristarchus impact occurred relatively recently in geologic time, after the Copernicus impact but before the Tycho impact. The 42 km diameter crater and its ejecta are especially interesting because of its location on the uplifted southeastern corner of the Aristarchus plateau. As a result, the crater ejecta reveal two different stratigraphic sequences: that of the plateau to the northwest, and that of the portion of Oceanus Procellarum to the southwest. This asymmetry is apparent in the colors of the ejecta as seen in this image, which is reddish to the southeast, dominated by excavated mare lava, and bluish to the northwest, caused by the excavation of highland materials in the plateau. The extent of the continuous ejecta blanket also appears asymmetric: it extends about twice as far to the north and east than in other directions, approximately following the plateau margins. These ejecta lobes could be caused by an oblique impact from the southeast, or it may reflect the presence of the plateau during ejecta emplacement. Two dark blue spots in the center of Aristarchus represent tan especially interesting discovery. The infrared spectral properties measured by Clementine are consistent with a composition of almost pure anorthosite, the primitive rock type produced by the lunar magma ocean. This is the first discovery of a major exposure of anorthosite in this region of the Moon, well within the boundary of the hypothetical Procellarum basin. Don Wilhelms (Geologic History of the Moon, USGS Professional Paper, 1984) proposed that the giant Procellarum basin entirely removed the upper anorthositic crust from the north-central nearside of the Moon.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00090" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00090: Multispectral Mosaic of the Aristarchus Crater and Plateau sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00090: Multispectral Mosaic of the Aristarchus Crater and Plateau sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00090: Multispectral Mosaic of the Aristarchus Crater and Plateau
<h1>PIA08004: High-Resolution Mars Camera Test Image of Moon (Infrared)</h1><div class="PIA08004" lang="en" style="width:532px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>This crescent view of Earth's Moon in infrared wavelengths comes from a camera test by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft on its way to Mars. The mission's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment camera took the image on Sept. 8, 2005, while at a distance of about 10 million kilometers (6 million miles) from the Moon. The dark feature on the right is Mare Crisium. From that distance, the Moon would appear as a star-like point of light to the unaided eye. The test verified the camera's focusing capability and provided an opportunity for calibration. The spacecraft's Context Camera and Optical Navigation Camera also performed as expected during the test.</p><p>The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, launched on Aug. 12, 2005, is on course to reach Mars on March 10, 2006. After gradually adjusting the shape of its orbit for half a year, it will begin its primary science phase in November 2006. From the mission's planned science orbit about 300 kilometers (186 miles) above the surface of Mars, the high resolution camera will be able to discern features as small as one meter or yard across.</p><br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA08004" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA08004: High-Resolution Mars Camera Test Image of Moon (Infrared) sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA08004: High-Resolution Mars Camera Test Image of Moon (Infrared) sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA08004: High-Resolution Mars Camera Test Image of Moon (Infrared)
moonpan_apollo17_big.jpg
moonpan_apollo17_big.jpg
<h1>PIA02976: Surveyor 1 Shadow</h1><div class="PIA02976" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>Image of Surveyor 1's shadow against the lunar surface in the late lunar afternoon, with the horizon at the upper right.<p>Surveyor 1, the first of the Surveyor missions to make a successful soft landing, proved the spacecraft design and landing technique. In addition to transmitting over 11,000 pictures, it sent information on the bearing strength of the lunar soil, the radar reflectivity, and temperature.<p>Surveyor 1 was launched on May 30, 1966 and landed on June 2, 1966.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA02976" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA02976: Surveyor 1 Shadow sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA02976: Surveyor 1 Shadow sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA02976: Surveyor 1 Shadow
<h1>PIA00404: Moon - North Polar Mosaic, Color</h1><div class="PIA00404" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>During its flight, the Galileo spacecraft returned images of the Moon. The Galileo spacecraft surveyed the Moon on December 7, 1992, on its way to explore the Jupiter system in 1995-1997. The left part of this north pole view is visible from Earth. This color picture is a mosaic assembled from 18 images taken by Galileo's imaging system through a green filter. The left part of this picture shows the dark, lava-filled Mare Imbrium (upper left); Mare Serenitatis (middle left), Mare Tranquillitatis (lower left), and Mare Crisium, the dark circular feature toward the bottom of the mosaic. Also visible in this view are the dark lava plains of the Marginis and Smythii Basins at the lower right. The Humboldtianum Basin, a 650-kilometer (400-mile) impact structure partly filled with dark volcanic deposits, is seen at the center of the image. The Moon's north pole is located just inside the shadow zone, about a third of the way from the top left of the illuminated region. The Galileo project is managed for NASA's Office of Space Science by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00404" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00404: Moon - North Polar Mosaic, Color sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00404: Moon - North Polar Mosaic, Color sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00404: Moon - North Polar Mosaic, Color
<h1>PIA00224: Moon - Western Near Side</h1><div class="PIA00224" lang="en" style="width:786px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>This image of the crescent moon was obtained by the Galileo Solid State imaging system on December 8 at 5 a.m. PST as the Galileo spacecraft neared the Earth. The image was taken through a green filter and shows the western part of the lunar nearside. The smallest features visible are 8 kilometers (5 miles) in size. Major features visible include the dark plains of Mare Imbrium in the upper part of the image, the bright crater Copernicus (100 km, 60 miles in diameter) in the central part, and the heavily cratered lunar highlands in the bottom of the image. The landing sides of the Apollo 12, 14 and 15 missions lie within the central part of the image. Samples returned from these sites will be used to calibrate this and accompanying images taken in different colors, which will extend the knowledge of the spectral and compositional properties of the nearside of the moon, seen from Earth, to the lunar far side.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA00224" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA00224: Moon - Western Near Side sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA00224: Moon - Western Near Side sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA00224: Moon - Western Near Side
Synthese_Lune.jpg
Synthese_Lune.jpg
<h1>PIA02978: Surveyor 5 Footpad Resting on the Lunar Soil</h1><div class="PIA02978" lang="en" style="width:800px;text-align:left;margin:auto;background-color:#000;padding:10px;max-height:150px;overflow:auto;"><p>Surveyor 5 image of the footpad resting in the lunar soil. The trench at right was formed by the footpad sliding during landing. Surveyor 5 landed on the Moon on 11 September 1967 at 1.41 N, 23.18E in Mare Tranquillitatis. The spacecraft landed on the inside edge of a small rimless crater at an angle of about 20 degrees, explaining the sliding. The footpad is about half a meter in diameter.(Surveyor 5, 67-H-1340) radar reflectivity data.<p>The purpose of the seven Surveyor missions (five of which were successful) was to land safely on the Moon, testing the landing techniques planned for the manned Apollo lunar landers, and take close-up images of the surface and make other observations to find locations that would be safe for Apollo landings.<p>Surveyor 5 was equipped with an alpha-backscatter instrument to determine chemical composition of the soil and a small bar magnet in one of its landing feet to test for magnetic material. Even though it had developed a helium regulator leak and had to land using a hastily and radically re-designed descent profile, the landing was flawless and Surveyor 5 performed even better than its predecessors.<p>Surveyor 5 was launched on September 8, 1967 and landed on September 11, 1967.<br /><br /><a href="http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA02978" onclick="window.open(this.href); return false;" title="Voir l'image PIA02978: Surveyor 5 Footpad Resting on the Lunar Soil sur le site de la NASA">Voir l'image PIA02978: Surveyor 5 Footpad Resting on the Lunar Soil sur le site de la NASA.</a></div>
PIA02978: Surveyor 5 Footpad Resting on the Lunar Soil